SHOTS
Camera shots help to define a scene and tell a story. They need to be composed or arranged by the creator to help define a whole to it's parts, setting the scene, showing emotion on someone's face in relation to others. Without planning your shots, your video will be ORDINARY. Make your film extraordinary. Think about what's in the viewfinder. Use it to help tell your story.
http://www.empireonline.com/features/film-studies-101-camera-shots-styles
EXAMPLES
Far Shot
LONG SHOT
A long shot allows you to show a person or thing in relation to its surroundings. This type of shot can also determine the setting of your visual story.
Medium Shot
MEDIUM SHOT
A medium shot may show the whole body, but more than likely, it'll be from the waist or knees up. Its purpose is to show emotion in relation to other people or object in relation to their surroundings.
Close Up Shot
CLOSE UP SHOT
A close up shot is created by thinking about thirds and noses and heads. It is used to introduce a main character, yet leaves out environmental details. Too many closeups leaves the viewer confused. This is also used in panning.